Why Do Babies Drool When Teething? A Comprehensive Guide for Parents

When a baby starts drooling excessively, parents often wonder why do babies drool when teething. This common developmental phase, marked by the eruption of tiny teeth, brings a cascade of physical changes, with increased saliva production being one of the most noticeable. Understanding the underlying mechanisms behind this phenomenon is crucial for effective infant care, ensuring comfort and promoting healthy development. Excessive drooling is a key indicator of the teething process and a natural response as your infant navigates this significant milestone.

The onset of teething symptoms can cause considerable discomfort for infants and concern for caregivers. Oral health during this period requires vigilant attention to prevent skin irritation and other complications. This article aims to provide a clear, science-backed overview, reassuring parents about the normalcy of drooling while equipping them with practical strategies to manage it effectively.

The Intricate Process of Infant Teething

The emergence of a baby’s first teeth, known as teething or odontiasis, is a pivotal developmental stage. It marks the transition from purely liquid nutrition to solid foods, impacting speech development and overall oral function. Understanding this timeline and process helps parents anticipate and manage associated symptoms.

The Journey of Baby Teeth: From Gums to Smile

Babies are born with a complete set of 20 primary (deciduous) teeth already formed within their jawbones, beneath the gums. These tiny teeth begin their journey towards the gum surface long before they become visible, a process that can start as early as the second trimester of pregnancy. The actual eruption, or cutting of a tooth through the gum, is merely the visible culmination of this intricate biological process.

The roots of these primary teeth continue to develop even after eruption. This ongoing development provides the necessary anchorage in the jaw. This complex process is driven by various cellular and hormonal signals within the infant’s body, preparing the oral cavity for its future functions.

Typical Teething Milestones and Variations

While an average timeline exists, the exact moment a baby’s first tooth appears varies significantly. Most infants begin showing signs of teething around 4 to 7 months of age, with the first tooth typically erupting around 6 months. However, it is entirely normal for a baby to get their first tooth earlier, at 3 months, or later, sometimes after their first birthday.

The sequence of tooth eruption generally follows a predictable pattern, though minor deviations are common. The lower central incisors (bottom front teeth) are usually the first to appear. These are typically followed by the upper central incisors (top front teeth), then the upper and lower lateral incisors.

By the time a child reaches their first birthday, they often have around four to eight teeth. The first molars typically emerge between 13 and 19 months, followed by canines between 16 and 23 months. Most children complete their set of 20 primary teeth by the age of three.

Factors such as genetics play a significant role in determining the timing of teething. If parents or older siblings teethed early or late, there is a higher probability that the infant will follow a similar pattern. Premature babies may also experience a delayed teething schedule compared to full-term infants.

The Developmental Significance of Primary Teeth

Beyond their role in eating, primary teeth are crucial for several aspects of a child’s development. They facilitate the chewing of solid foods, which aids digestion and nutrient absorption. The ability to chew also encourages the development of jaw muscles and bone structure.

Primary teeth are fundamental for speech development. They help children form sounds correctly, allowing for clear articulation. Losing primary teeth too early due to decay can impact a child’s speech patterns, potentially requiring therapy later on.

These “baby teeth” also act as placeholders for the permanent teeth that will eventually replace them. They guide the permanent teeth into their correct positions in the jaw. Premature loss of primary teeth can lead to misalignment of permanent teeth, often necessitating orthodontic intervention.

Why Do Babies Drool When Teething: A Detailed Explanation

Excessive drooling is one of the most recognizable and often bothersome signs of teething. This increased saliva production is not accidental; it serves several physiological purposes during this critical developmental period. Understanding these reasons can alleviate parental anxiety and guide appropriate management strategies.

The Physiology Behind Increased Salivation

The primary reason for a significant increase in drooling during teething is the stimulation of the salivary glands. As a tooth prepares to break through the gum line, it causes pressure and irritation in the surrounding tissues. This localized inflammation triggers a reflex action in the nerves supplying the salivary glands, leading them to produce more saliva. It is a natural response to the sensation of something new emerging in the mouth.

Infants, particularly those between two and six months old, are still developing their oral motor skills. Their swallowing reflex is not yet fully mature or coordinated with their increased saliva production. This developmental immaturity means they do not efficiently swallow all the excess saliva, leading it to accumulate and spill from their mouth.

Saliva plays a crucial protective role in the oral cavity. It acts as a natural lubricant, easing the passage of food and potentially soothing irritated gums. It also contains enzymes that initiate the digestive process, breaking down food particles. This increased enzymatic activity can be particularly beneficial as babies start to explore solid foods.

Furthermore, saliva possesses natural antibacterial and antifungal properties. It helps to wash away food debris and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, which is especially important when infants frequently put objects into their mouths. This protective barrier is vital for maintaining oral hygiene during teething, reducing the risk of minor infections in the irritated gum tissue.

Little Girl Chewing Teething Toy Smiling

The development of salivary glands themselves is a key factor. Between two and four months of age, an infant’s salivary glands become fully functional and begin producing saliva in earnest, irrespective of teething. When teething pain then stimulates these already active glands, the volume of saliva can become overwhelming for the baby’s still-developing oral control.

Behavioral Contributions to Visible Drooling

Beyond physiological factors, certain behavioral changes during teething contribute to the apparent increase in drooling. Teething babies often experience discomfort, prompting them to explore their mouths more frequently. They tend to mouth and chew on various objects, including their hands, toys, or blankets.

This mouthing behavior is a self-soothing mechanism, providing pressure on their gums to alleviate pain. While doing so, the presence of these objects in their mouths can hinder efficient swallowing. Consequently, more saliva escapes, making the drooling seem even more profuse.

A baby’s focus shifts when they are experiencing pain or discomfort. They might become less attentive to their natural reflex of swallowing saliva. Instead, their attention is drawn to the sensation in their gums, inadvertently allowing more saliva to escape from their lips.

Comprehensive Overview of Teething Symptoms

Drooling is just one of many indicators that a baby is teething. Parents should be aware of a range of symptoms, as recognizing them can help provide timely comfort and differentiate teething from other conditions. These symptoms can vary in intensity from mild fussiness to significant discomfort.

Common Physical and Behavioral Manifestations

One of the most immediate signs is swollen, red, or tender gums. As a tooth pushes through, the gum tissue around it can become inflamed and visibly irritated. Gently touching the gums may reveal a hard bump or ridge where the tooth is about to erupt.

Babies often exhibit increased fussiness and irritability. The constant, dull ache or sharp pain from erupting teeth can make them agitated, restless, and more prone to crying. This discomfort is often more pronounced at night, disrupting sleep patterns for both the baby and the parents.

Loss of appetite or reluctance to feed is another common symptom. Sucking can sometimes exacerbate gum pain, making feeding sessions difficult. However, some babies might find comfort in the pressure of sucking on a bottle or breast.

Cheek flushing can occur on the side of the face where a tooth is erupting. This is due to localized inflammation and increased blood flow to the area. Babies may also rub their ears or cheeks on the affected side, an action linked to referred pain from the gums.

Understanding Drool-Related Complications

While drooling itself is normal, excessive and prolonged exposure to moisture can lead to skin irritation. A “drool rash,” characterized by redness, chapping, or small bumps around the mouth, chin, neck, and chest, is a common complication. This rash can be itchy and uncomfortable for the baby.

The constant wetness creates an ideal environment for yeast or bacterial growth, potentially worsening the rash. Maintaining dry skin is paramount in preventing these secondary issues. This highlights the importance of frequent wiping and barrier creams.

Differentiating Teething from Other Ailments

It is crucial for parents to understand that teething primarily causes local symptoms. While some infants may experience a slight elevation in body temperature, often described as a low-grade fever (below 100.4°F or 38°C), a true fever is typically not caused by teething. Scientific studies and major pediatric organizations, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, indicate that teething does not cause high fever, diarrhea, vomiting, or a runny nose.

If a baby exhibits symptoms like a high fever (above 100.4°F or 38°C), persistent diarrhea, vomiting, severe cough, or a generalized rash on the body, these are usually indicative of an illness, not just teething. In such cases, parents should seek medical advice from a pediatrician to rule out infections or other health concerns. Relying solely on teething as an explanation for significant illness symptoms can delay necessary medical intervention.

Effective Strategies for Managing Teething Discomfort

Managing a teething baby involves a multi-faceted approach, combining soothing techniques with diligent hygiene to alleviate discomfort and prevent secondary issues. Parents have several safe and effective options at their disposal.

Happy baby boy growing teeth

Soothing Irritated Gums

One of the simplest and most effective methods is gentle gum massage. Parents can use a clean finger to gently rub the baby’s gums for a few minutes. The pressure applied can provide a counter-sensation to the pain, offering temporary relief. A soft, damp washcloth wrapped around a finger can also be used for this purpose.

Cold therapy can be very comforting for inflamed gums. Chilled teething rings, cold pacifiers, or a cool, damp washcloth can be offered to the baby to chew on. The cold helps to numb the area and reduce swelling. It is important to refrigerate these items, not freeze them, as frozen objects can be too hard and potentially harm a baby’s delicate gums or cause freezer burn.

Many babies find comfort in chewing on various objects. Teething toys made from safe, food-grade silicone or natural rubber are excellent options. Ensure that any teething toy is appropriately sized, easy for the baby to grasp, and free from small parts that could pose a choking hazard. Always check that teething toys are compliant with safety standards.

For babies who have started solids, chilled fruits or vegetables, such as a peeled cucumber or a banana, can be offered in a mesh feeder. This allows the baby to gnaw on the cold food without the risk of choking on larger pieces. Always supervise the baby closely when offering food for teething relief.

Oral Hygiene and Drool Management

Maintaining dry skin around the mouth, chin, and neck is crucial to prevent drool rash. Parents should gently wipe away excess saliva frequently using a soft, absorbent cloth. Avoid rubbing vigorously, as this can further irritate sensitive skin.

Applying a moisture barrier cream or ointment can protect the skin from constant wetness. Products containing lanolin or petroleum jelly can create a protective layer. These should be applied thinly, especially at bedtime, to shield the skin and allow it to heal.

Teething bibs are an invaluable tool for managing excessive drool. Choose bibs made from absorbent, soft materials like organic cotton. Look for designs that offer good coverage and have adjustable snaps to ensure a snug yet comfortable fit as the baby grows. Frequent changing of wet bibs is essential to keep the baby’s skin and clothing dry.

Even before teeth erupt, regular oral hygiene is important. Gently wiping a baby’s gums with a clean, damp cloth after feedings can remove milk residue and promote a healthy oral environment. Once teeth appear, begin brushing them twice a day with a soft-bristled infant toothbrush and a tiny smear of fluoride toothpaste, as recommended by pediatric dentists.

When to Consider Pain Relief Medication

If a baby is particularly distressed and other soothing methods are insufficient, over-the-counter pain relief can be considered. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can help alleviate pain and discomfort. It is imperative to consult a pediatrician or pharmacist for the correct dosage based on the baby’s age and weight. Always use the provided measuring device to ensure accuracy.

Parents should strictly avoid topical teething gels containing benzocaine. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advises against the use of these products in children under two years old due to the risk of methemoglobinemia, a serious condition that affects the amount of oxygen carried in the blood. Homeopathic teething tablets or gels are also generally discouraged due to inconsistent ingredients and potential safety concerns.

The baby is lying on a yellow blanket and chewing on his finger

Understanding Teething from a Holistic Perspective

Teething is more than just teeth pushing through gums; it’s a phase that impacts a baby’s overall well-being. A holistic approach considers the physical, emotional, and developmental aspects of this period, helping parents support their child comprehensively. This includes recognizing the broader implications of oral development.

The Connection to Sleep and Feeding Patterns

Teething discomfort often disrupts a baby’s sleep patterns. Pain, especially at night when distractions are minimal, can cause frequent waking, fussiness, and difficulty settling down. Establishing a consistent, calming bedtime routine can help, but parents should be prepared for some nights to be more challenging. Offering soothing measures before bed, such as a gentle gum massage, can sometimes promote better sleep.

Feeding can also become an issue. Some babies may refuse to feed due to sore gums, finding the act of sucking painful. Others may find comfort in sucking, as the pressure can alleviate some of the gum discomfort. It is important to observe the baby’s cues and adapt feeding strategies accordingly. Offering cooled purees or soft foods can sometimes be more palatable for older babies experiencing significant oral pain.

Emotional Support and Parental Well-being

A teething baby often needs extra comfort and reassurance. Increased cuddles, gentle rocking, and soothing voices can provide significant emotional support. This physical closeness helps the baby feel secure and loved, which is particularly important when they are feeling unwell. Parents should be patient and understanding, recognizing that their baby’s fussiness is a manifestation of pain, not naughtiness.

The challenges of caring for a teething baby can take a toll on parents. Disrupted sleep, constant crying, and the worry about their child’s discomfort can lead to stress and exhaustion. It is important for parents to seek support from partners, family, or friends, and to prioritize self-care whenever possible. Remember that this phase is temporary, and it will pass.

Long-Term Oral Health Implications

The care provided during the teething phase lays the groundwork for future oral health. Instilling good oral hygiene habits from the emergence of the first tooth is vital. Regular cleaning of gums and teeth prevents early childhood caries, which can be painful and lead to future dental problems.

Establishing a dental home by the baby’s first birthday is a recommendation from leading pediatric dental associations. Early dental visits allow a pediatric dentist to monitor oral development, provide preventive care, and offer guidance on proper brushing, diet, and fluoride use. This proactive approach ensures that any issues are identified and addressed early.

When Teething Concerns Require Professional Medical Attention

While drooling and most teething symptoms are normal, there are specific signs that warrant a consultation with a pediatrician. Differentiating between typical teething discomfort and symptoms of an underlying illness is a critical responsibility for parents. Ignoring concerning symptoms could delay necessary treatment.

Red Flags That Signal More Than Teething

A high fever is a definite red flag. As established, teething does not cause a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C). If a baby has a fever higher than this, especially if it persists for more than 24 hours or is accompanied by other symptoms, it indicates an infection or illness that requires medical evaluation. Prompt medical attention can prevent complications.

Persistent and severe diarrhea or vomiting are not typical teething symptoms. If a baby experiences multiple loose stools a day, especially with blood or mucus, or repeated vomiting, these could be signs of gastroenteritis or another digestive issue. Dehydration is a significant risk with these symptoms, making a doctor’s visit imperative.

A significant decrease in appetite or refusal to drink fluids for an extended period is concerning. While some feeding disruption is normal during teething, a complete or near-complete refusal of feeds, particularly fluids, can lead to dehydration and malnutrition. This is especially true if accompanied by lethargy or reduced wet diapers.

Any widespread rash on the body, not confined to the mouth area, needs professional assessment. While drool can cause localized skin irritation, a generalized rash could indicate an allergic reaction, a viral illness like roseola, or other skin conditions. A pediatrician can accurately diagnose the cause and recommend appropriate treatment.

Immediate Pediatric Consultation: Urgent Scenarios

Seek immediate medical attention if a baby appears unusually ill, is difficult to arouse, or is unresponsive. These are signs of a severe health issue. Unexplained crying that is inconsolable and lasts for several hours should also prompt an urgent call to the doctor, as it could signal significant pain or discomfort from something other than teething.

If a baby develops signs of dehydration, such as fewer wet diapers, sunken soft spot (fontanelle), no tears when crying, or extreme lethargy, medical intervention is needed quickly. Dehydration can rapidly become severe in infants. Any concerns about a baby’s breathing, such as rapid breathing, wheezing, or labored breathing, also require immediate medical care.

Parents should always trust their instincts. If something feels wrong, even if specific symptoms are not clear, contacting a pediatrician for advice is always the safest course of action. Healthcare professionals are best equipped to distinguish between normal developmental phases and serious medical conditions.

Innovative Solutions for Managing Drooling During Teething

Addressing the practical challenges of excessive drooling is a key aspect of making the teething journey more comfortable for both baby and parent. Modern baby products offer effective and safe solutions to keep infants dry and prevent skin irritation, enhancing overall well-being during this phase.

The Role of High-Quality Drool Bibs

Drool bibs are indispensable tools for managing the constant flow of saliva. Unlike regular bibs, dedicated drool bibs are designed with superior absorbency and comfort in mind. They act as a protective barrier, keeping the baby’s clothes and skin dry throughout the day. Choosing the right material is paramount. Organic cotton, for instance, is highly absorbent, soft against delicate skin, and breathable, reducing the risk of irritation.

The construction of a drool bib also matters significantly. Dual-layer designs enhance absorbency, preventing saturation and prolonging the time before a change is needed. Full coverage is essential, protecting not only the chin but also the neck and upper torso from moisture. Adjustable fasteners, such as nickel-free snaps, allow the bib to grow with the child, ensuring a snug and comfortable fit from infancy through the toddler years. This adaptability means parents invest in a durable and long-lasting solution.

Innovations in Baby Care Products

Beyond bibs, other innovative products contribute to teething comfort. Silicone teething mittens allow babies to self-soothe by chewing on their hands safely, while preventing them from scratching their faces. These mittens are often textured, providing additional sensory input and gum stimulation. Carefully designed teething toys, made from child-safe materials, also offer varied textures and shapes for different types of gum pressure relief.

Moisture barrier creams, specifically formulated for infant skin, are crucial for preventing and treating drool rash. These creams create a protective layer, shielding the skin from continuous wetness and promoting healing. Brands that focus on natural, hypoallergenic ingredients are often preferred to minimize exposure to potential irritants. Regular, gentle application, especially before sleep, can make a significant difference in preventing discomfort.

KeaBabies Urban Quin Drool Bibs

Empowering Parents with Practical Solutions

The availability of high-quality products empowers parents to manage teething symptoms proactively. By integrating effective drool management strategies and comforting aids into daily routines, parents can significantly reduce the distress associated with teething. This proactive approach not only keeps the baby more comfortable but also instills confidence in caregivers, making the teething phase a more manageable and less stressful experience for the entire family. Selecting products that prioritize safety, comfort, and functionality ensures the best possible support for a teething infant.

Teething is a natural, albeit sometimes challenging, part of infant development. Understanding why do babies drool when teething and other associated symptoms allows parents to provide targeted care. From gentle gum massages and chilled teething aids to effective drool management with absorbent bibs and protective creams, a combination of strategies helps soothe discomfort. While excessive drooling and fussiness are normal, parents should remain vigilant for symptoms like high fever or severe diarrhea, which warrant professional medical advice. By staying informed and proactive, parents can navigate this phase with confidence, ensuring their baby’s comfort and well-being.

Last Updated on October 20, 2025 by Dr.BaBies

Dr.BaBies

Dr. BaBies is our expert consultant focusing on the health and well-being aspects of early childhood screen exposure. Holding a doctorate in Developmental Health, Dr. BaBies specializes in understanding the impact of visual and auditory stimuli on a baby’s developing nervous system and sleep patterns.